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Japan's recently chosen leader, Takaichi, is ready to undertake her initial significant diplomatic examination as she sits down with former US President Donald Trump for important negotiations in Tokyo.

The agenda of their meeting is expected to center on economic and defense issues, signaling a pivotal juncture for Japan's ties with its powerful ally.

A Historic Premiership and International Introduction

Takaichi, who recently assumed the role of Japan's first female prime minister after winning the top position of the governing LDP, had her global debut at the recent Asean summit.

But, her upcoming talks with the former president is regarded as the true test that will establish the direction for future bilateral cooperation.

Navigating Domestic and Global Challenges

The prime minister confronts a possibly shaky government landscape, having established a coalition that leaves her a couple of votes short of a controlling number in the influential lower house of the Diet.

Consequently, her administration will rely on other MPs to pass laws, introducing a layer of difficulty to her leadership.

Common Views and Differing Policies

She shares Trump's suspicion of China's military activities in the Asia-Pacific, yet both countries have faced issues from his "US-first" economic approach.

Recently, Trump oversaw a truce deal between Thailand and Cambodian authorities on the first leg of his Asian visit.

Military Build-up and Budget Commitments

Takaichi has stated her commitment to speed up Japan's military expansion, planning to increase defense expenditure to 2% of gross domestic product by the close of the fiscal year.

This move aligns with a long-held request from the former US leader and represents the largest military buildup for the nation since the Second World War.

Security Cooperation and Strains

Japan has also moved to acquire "counterstrike" abilities, including Tomahawk weapons from the US, and plans to use locally made extended-range missiles.

But, the bilateral security agreement remains a source of tension, with Trump earlier stating that Japan should pay more for stationing American troops on its soil.

Trade Expectations and Negotiations

Not many expect significant concessions on trade matters this week, especially after recent tariff adjustments provided some ease to the country's export sector.

The PM is expected to pursue additional benefits by promising greater acquisitions of US products, including pickup trucks, agricultural produce, and gas.

Personal Rapport and the Shinzo Abe Connection

The value Trump places on personal chemistry could benefit Takaichi's advantage, given her strong relationship with the late former prime minister Shinzo Abe, who was among his preferred world leaders.

He was the initial international leader to meet the then president-elect after his victory, and the two developed a close bond over mutual activities such as golf.

Forthcoming Agenda and International Significance

Trump's trip to the country will begin with a meeting with Emperor Naruhito at the Imperial Palace in the capital.

This will be succeeded by talks with Takaichi at the official residence, the very location where he held talks with the former leader in previous years.

Subsequently, Trump will travel to South Korea for the APEC meeting, where he is scheduled to meet Chinese president Xi Jinping.